Translation guide
The practice of cutting or altering female genitalia for non-medical reasons. In Japanese, this is most commonly referred to as 女性器切除 (じょせいきせつじょ) or FGM (エフジーエム). The term is sensitive and often discussed in medical, human rights, or cultural contexts.
Referring to the practice of female genital cutting in general, often in medical, legal, or human rights discussions.
Literally 'female genital cutting/excision'. This is the most direct and commonly used term in formal contexts.
女性器切除は人権侵害です。
Female genital cutting is a human rights violation.
Abbreviation for 'Female Genital Mutilation'. Widely used in international contexts and understood in Japanese media and academic circles.
FGMは多くの国で禁止されています。
FGM is banned in many countries.
Literally 'female circumcision'. This term is less common and may be considered outdated or euphemistic. Use with caution as it can downplay the severity.
This term can be seen as minimizing the harm; '女性器切除' or 'FGM' is preferred in most contexts.
一部の地域では女子割礼が行われています。
In some regions, female circumcision is practiced.
Describing the procedure in a clinical or medical context.
More precise medical term meaning 'female genital excision'. Used in medical literature.
女性性器切除の合併症には感染症があります。
Complications of female genital cutting include infections.
Specifically refers to clitoridectomy, a type of FGC. Use when the specific procedure is known.
クリトリス切除は女性器切除の一種です。
Clitoridectomy is a type of female genital cutting.
Discussing FGC as a harmful traditional practice and human rights issue.
Combining the Japanese term with the international abbreviation for clarity in advocacy materials.
女性器切除（FGM）の根絶を目指しています。
We aim to eradicate female genital cutting (FGM).
Means 'harmful traditional practice'. Often used in human rights discourse to categorize FGC without naming it directly.
女性器切除は有害な伝統的慣習と見なされています。
Female genital cutting is considered a harmful traditional practice.
Terms like 女子割礼 (female circumcision) may be used in some translated materials but are generally discouraged because they can trivialize the practice. Stick to 女性器切除 or FGM in most contexts.
In Japanese, the topic is sensitive. When discussing it, be aware of the cultural background of your audience. In international or academic settings, FGM is widely recognized. In more traditional or less exposed groups, you may need to explain the term.