Translation guide
The English phrase "given above" is used to refer to information, text, or data that has been presented earlier in a document or discussion. In Japanese, this concept is typically expressed using phrases that mean "the aforementioned" or "as stated above," often with demonstratives like 上記 (jouki) or 上述 (joutsu). The choice depends on formality and context.
The speaker wants to point back to something that was stated earlier in the text or conversation.
A common, neutral way to say 'the above-mentioned' or 'given above' in written contexts. It directly modifies a noun.
上記の例を参照してください。
Please refer to the example given above.
More formal and literary than 上記の. Often used in academic or technical writing.
上述の通り、結果は有意でした。
As stated above, the results were significant.
Means 'the aforementioned' or 'previously mentioned.' Slightly less common than 上記の but still used in formal writing.
前述の理由により、計画は中止されました。
For the reasons given above, the plan was canceled.
A more literal translation: 'stated above.' It is grammatically correct but less common as a set phrase compared to 上記の.
上に述べたように、この問題は重要です。
As stated above, this issue is important.