Translation guide
The English phrase "the law" can refer to the legal system, specific statutes, or the police. This guide covers natural Japanese equivalents depending on context.
Referring to the law as an institution or system of rules governing society.
The most common and general term for 'law' as a system of rules. Used in everyday contexts.
法律を守らなければならない。
You must obey the law.
それは法律違反です。
That's against the law.
A more formal or abstract term for 'law', often used in compounds or academic contexts.
法の下の平等
equality under the law
Referring to a particular law or act, such as a traffic law or a new law passed by the government.
Can also refer to a specific law, though context usually clarifies. Often used with modifiers.
新しい法律が成立した。
A new law was passed.
Used in the names of specific laws, e.g., 民法 (Civil Code), 刑法 (Penal Code).
道路交通法
Road Traffic Law
Referring to the police as 'the law' in colloquial English.
The standard word for police. No direct slang equivalent to 'the law' exists; use this or casual terms.
警察が来た！
The law is here!
Slang for police, often used in fiction or by criminals. Can be derogatory.
Avoid in polite conversation; sounds like criminal slang.
サツに捕まった。
I got caught by the law.
Referring to a principle of nature, such as the law of gravity.
法律 (ほうりつ) is the everyday word for law. 法 (ほう) is more abstract and formal, often used in legal terminology and compounds. When in doubt, use 法律.
A friendly, colloquial term for a police officer, similar to 'cop'.
お巡りさんに道を聞いた。
I asked the law for directions.