place name
邵 is a kanji used primarily in proper nouns, especially place names. Its standalone meaning is essentially 'a place name' with no broader conceptual center.
邵 combines 召 (which may contribute a phonetic element) with the right-side component ⻏, a form of 邑 meaning 'town' or 'settlement'. This structure is typical of characters used for place names.
The right side ⻏ looks like a small village marker, and 召 suggests calling or summoning. Picture a sign calling people to a place: 邵 is that place name.
For ショウ, imagine a show being performed in a town named 邵: show -> ショウ, and the town's name is on the banner.