Kotomora
JLPT N4Particle
Furigana

Route or path marker

marks a road, area, opening, or other space through which movement passes.

Pronunciation

As a particle, it is written but pronounced . The spelling does not change.

The verb makes the route meaning clear

Use this pattern with verbs that describe movement through space, such as ある, はし, とお, わた, and がる. English may translate the particle as “through,” “across,” or “along,” or may express the route through the verb itself.

Paths, spaces, and passage points

The marked place is occupied or passed during the movement.

どもたちはろうはしっている。

The children are running down the hallway.

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とりまどとおって部屋へやはいってきた。

A bird came into the room through the window.

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はしわたると、ふるまちみがえてきた。

After crossing the bridge, the old townscape came into view.

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Route versus destination

identifies the road or space traveled through. By contrast, identifies the endpoint reached. In the same morning trip, the first sentence tells us the route, while the second tells us the destination.

まいあさこのみちとおります。

Every morning, I take this road.

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The road is the route traveled.

まいあさえききます。

Every morning, I go to the station.

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The station is the destination.

More examples

あさこうえんさんします。

I take a walk through the park in the morning.

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バスはながいトンネルをとおった。

The bus passed through a long tunnel.

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おうだんどうわたってください。

Please cross at the crosswalk.

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つぎかどひだりがります。

Turn left at the next corner.

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ねこいたまどとおってげた。

The cat escaped through an open window.

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こうくもうえんでいる。

An airplane is flying above the clouds.

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かわ沿いのみちゆっくりあるいた。

I walked slowly along the riverside road.

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かんこうきゃくふるもんくぐった。

The tourists passed through the old gate.

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を (o) – Route or path marker