Translation guide
Down's syndrome is a genetic condition. In Japanese, the most common and respectful term is ダウン症 (ダウンしょう). Older or clinical terms exist but are now considered outdated or inappropriate. This guide focuses on natural, respectful usage.
Referring to Down's syndrome as a medical or genetic condition.
The standard, respectful term used in medical contexts and everyday conversation. Literally 'Down syndrome'.
彼はダウン症です。
He has Down's syndrome.
ダウン症の子どもを持つ親の会
a support group for parents of children with Down's syndrome
A more formal, clinical term. Less common in everyday speech but used in medical literature.
ダウン症候群は染色体異常によって起こります。
Down's syndrome is caused by a chromosomal abnormality.
The genetic term 'trisomy 21'. Used in scientific or genetic counseling contexts.
21トリソミーはダウン症の最も一般的な原因です。
Trisomy 21 is the most common cause of Down's syndrome.
Describing or referring to a person who has Down's syndrome.
Person-first phrasing, literally 'a person with Down's syndrome'. Considered respectful and inclusive.
ダウン症のある人も社会で活躍しています。
People with Down's syndrome are also active in society.
Commonly used, but some prefer person-first language. Still widely accepted.
ダウン症の人は特徴的な顔立ちをしていることが多いです。
People with Down's syndrome often have distinctive facial features.
Specifically refers to a child with Down's syndrome. Used in medical or educational contexts.
ダウン症児の早期療育が重要です。
Early intervention for children with Down's syndrome is important.
The term 蒙古症 (もうこしょう, 'Mongolism') is now considered highly offensive and should never be used. Stick to ダウン症.
蒙古症という言葉は使わないでください。
Do not use the term 'Mongolism'.
In Japanese, person-first phrasing like ダウン症のある人 is increasingly preferred in respectful contexts, similar to English 'person with Down's syndrome'.
ダウン症のある人という表現が推奨されます。
The expression 'person with Down's syndrome' is recommended.