Translation guide
Down's syndrome is a genetic condition. In Japanese, the most common and respectful term is ダウン症 (ダウンしょう). Older or clinical terms exist but are now considered outdated or inappropriate. This guide focuses on natural, respectful usage.
Referring to Down's syndrome as a medical or genetic condition.
The standard, respectful term used in medical contexts and everyday conversation. Literally 'Down syndrome'.
He has Down's syndrome.
a support group for parents of children with Down's syndrome
A more formal, clinical term. Less common in everyday speech but used in medical literature.
Down's syndrome is caused by a chromosomal abnormality.
The genetic term 'trisomy 21'. Used in scientific or genetic counseling contexts.
Trisomy 21 is the most common cause of Down's syndrome.
Describing or referring to a person who has Down's syndrome.
Person-first phrasing, literally 'a person with Down's syndrome'. Considered respectful and inclusive.
People with Down's syndrome are also active in society.
Commonly used, but some prefer person-first language. Still widely accepted.
Specifically refers to a child with Down's syndrome. Used in medical or educational contexts.
The term 蒙古症 (もうこしょう, 'Mongolism') is now considered highly offensive and should never be used. Stick to ダウン症.
Do not use the term 'Mongolism'.
In Japanese, person-first phrasing like ダウン症のある人 is increasingly preferred in respectful contexts, similar to English 'person with Down's syndrome'.
The expression 'person with Down's syndrome' is recommended.
People with Down's syndrome often have distinctive facial features.
Early intervention for children with Down's syndrome is important.