Translation guide
The English word 'Dutchman' refers to a male person from the Netherlands. In Japanese, nationality is typically expressed by adding 人 (じん) to the country name. The most common and neutral way is オランダ人 (オランダじん). There are also more formal or written variants, and a historical term that is now considered derogatory.
Referring to a Dutch man in general conversation or writing.
The standard, neutral term for a Dutch person. It does not specify gender, but context usually makes it clear. To explicitly say 'male', you can add 男性 (だんせい) or use オランダ人の男性.
彼はオランダ人です。
He is a Dutchman.
あのオランダ人の男性は親切ですね。
That Dutchman is kind, isn't he?
Literally 'Dutch man'. This explicitly states gender and is natural when you need to be clear.
オランダの男性に道を聞かれました。
A Dutchman asked me for directions.
A compound noun meaning 'Dutch male'. Slightly more formal or written than オランダの男性.
そのオランダ人男性はエンジニアです。
That Dutchman is an engineer.
A rare, literary kanji spelling for オランダ人. Almost never used in modern writing; the katakana form is standard.
和蘭人は江戸時代に来航した。
Dutchmen came to Japan during the Edo period.
Historical term for Dutch (and sometimes other Western) people during the Edo period. Literally 'red-haired person'. Now considered derogatory and should be avoided.
Japanese nationality words like オランダ人 are gender-neutral. To specify a man, use 男性 (だんせい) as in オランダ人の男性 or オランダ人男性. In many contexts, simply オランダ人 is enough if the person's gender is already known.
Terms like 紅毛人 (こうもうじん) are historical and now considered derogatory. Stick with オランダ人 in all modern contexts.
This term is outdated and offensive. Do not use it to refer to a Dutch person in modern Japanese.
紅毛人は出島に住んでいた。
The Dutchmen lived in Dejima.