Translation guide
The term 'Islamic State' refers to the extremist militant group also known as ISIS, ISIL, or Daesh. In Japanese, it is most commonly referred to as イスラム国, but other terms exist with different nuances.
Referring to the jihadist militant group that controlled territory in Iraq and Syria.
The most common and widely understood term in Japanese media and everyday conversation. Literally 'Islamic State'. Note that this is a direct translation of the group's self-designation, but it is the standard term used in Japan.
Referring to a sovereign state governed by Islamic law, not the specific militant group.
When discussing the general concept of an Islamic state, use イスラム国家 to avoid confusion with the militant group イスラム国. In most everyday contexts, 'Islamic State' refers to the group, so イスラム国 is the default translation.
Islamic State claimed responsibility for the attack.
An abbreviation for 'Islamic State', often used in news headlines or informal contexts. Pronounced as English letters 'アイエス'.
IS fighters surrendered.
A direct transliteration of 'Islamic State'. Less common than イスラム国, but sometimes used in formal or international contexts.
The Islamic State is an international threat.
The Arabic acronym 'Daesh', used pejoratively by opponents of the group. Sometimes seen in Japanese media to avoid legitimizing the group by calling it a 'state'. Not widely recognized by the general public.
Daesh is condemned even by Muslims.
Literally 'Islamic nation/state'. Used for the general concept of a state based on Islamic principles, distinct from the terrorist group.
He aims to establish an Islamic state.