Translation guide
The first five books of the Hebrew Bible (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy), traditionally attributed to Moses. In Japanese, this is primarily referred to by the term モーセ五書, though other expressions exist in academic or religious contexts.
The standard term for the Pentateuch in both religious and academic settings.
The most common and standard translation of 'Pentateuch'. Literally 'Five Books of Moses'. Used in both Christian and academic contexts.
The Pentateuch is the first five books of the Old Testament.
When referring to the Pentateuch in a Jewish context, the term Torah is often used.
The Hebrew term 'Torah' is commonly used in Japanese to refer to the Pentateuch in Jewish contexts. It can also refer to the entire body of Jewish teaching.
In Judaism, the Torah is read aloud every week.
A less common, more descriptive phrase.
A slightly more formal or descriptive variant of モーセ五書, using the possessive particle の. Less common but still understood.
The Five Books of Moses are also called the Law.
In Christian theology, the Pentateuch is sometimes referred to as the Law.
Means 'law' or 'Torah' in a Christian context. Often used to refer to the Pentateuch as the Law of Moses.
The Law was given through Moses.
Direct transliteration of the English word, used in some academic contexts.
A direct transliteration of 'Pentateuch'. Rarely used; mostly found in some academic or specialized Christian writings.
The word Pentateuch comes from Greek.
モーセ五書 is the standard term in Christian and general academic contexts. トーラー is preferred in Jewish contexts or when emphasizing the Hebrew tradition. In everyday conversation, モーセ五書 is safer unless you are specifically discussing Judaism.