Translation guide
The political doctrine of absolute, unrestricted power, typically held by a monarch. In Japanese, this is most commonly expressed with 絶対主義 or 絶対王政. For philosophical or ethical absolutism, 絶対論 is used.
A system where a monarch holds unlimited power, not restricted by laws, constitutions, or other institutions.
The standard term for political absolutism as a doctrine or system. Used in historical and political contexts.
The belief that certain principles are absolute, universal, and unchanging, especially in ethics or truth.
絶対主義 is the broader term for the doctrine of absolutism, while 絶対王政 specifically refers to the political system of absolute monarchy. Use 絶対主義 when discussing the ideology, and 絶対王政 when referring to the actual form of government.
Do not translate 'absolutism' as 絶対性 (absoluteness) or 絶対 (absolute) alone. These do not convey the political or philosophical doctrine.
絶対主義は17世紀のヨーロッパで広まった。
Absolutism spread in 17th-century Europe.
Specifically refers to absolute monarchy as a form of government. More concrete than 絶対主義.
フランスの絶対王政はルイ14世の時代に最盛期を迎えた。
French absolutism reached its peak under Louis XIV.
Despotism or autocracy; emphasizes arbitrary rule by one person. Overlaps with absolutism but carries a more negative connotation.
専制主義は民主主義と対立する概念だ。
Absolutism is a concept opposed to democracy.
A more technical term for absolute monarchy, often used in political science.
絶対君主制の下では、国王の権力は制限されない。
Under absolutism, the king's power is not limited.
The general term for absolutism in philosophy, contrasting with relativism (相対論).
倫理的絶対論は、善悪の基準が普遍的だと主張する。
Ethical absolutism claims that standards of right and wrong are universal.
Also used in philosophical contexts, though more commonly political. Can refer to any doctrine of absolutes.
道徳的絶対主義は、状況に関わらず守るべき絶対的な道徳規則があると考える。
Moral absolutism holds that there are absolute moral rules that must be followed regardless of the situation.