Translation guide
The English word 'additive' refers to a substance added to something in small amounts to improve or preserve it. This guide covers how to express this concept naturally in Japanese, from everyday food additives to industrial and technical contexts.
Referring to substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance taste and appearance.
The most common and general term for food additives. Often used in contexts discussing health or ingredient labels.
This food contains many additives.
Specifically 'food additive'. Used in formal or technical contexts, such as regulations or scientific discussions.
The safety of food additives is being debated.
Can refer to additives in food, but more commonly used for industrial or chemical additives. In food contexts, it may sound slightly technical.
This additive is used as a preservative.
Referring to substances added to fuels, lubricants, plastics, etc., to improve performance.
The standard term for additives in industrial, chemical, and engineering contexts (e.g., fuel additives, plastic additives).
This oil contains additives.
Can also be used for industrial additives, but is broader and more common for food. Context usually clarifies the meaning.
Referring to something added to another thing, not necessarily a substance, or in a metaphorical sense.
Can be used broadly for anything added, but often implies a physical substance. Use with caution for abstract concepts.
Additives are used in this paint.
When the focus is on the action of adding rather than the substance itself, using a verb is more natural. 添加する is technical; 加える is general.
Add an additive.
添加物 (tenkabutsu) is the broader term and is most commonly associated with food. 添加剤 (tenkazai) is more technical and often used for industrial or chemical contexts. In everyday conversation about food, 添加物 is the natural choice.
Avoid directly translating 'additive' as 加えるもの (kuwaeru mono) or 添加するもの (tenka suru mono). While understandable, these sound unnatural and are not standard terms. Use 添加物 or 添加剤 instead.
Mix additives into the concrete.