Translation guide
The English term 'atomic bomb' refers to a nuclear weapon that derives its destructive power from nuclear fission. In Japanese, the most common and direct equivalent is 原子爆弾 (genshi bakudan), often abbreviated to 原爆 (genbaku). This guide covers how to talk about the weapon itself, its historical context, and related expressions.
Referring to an atomic bomb as a physical object or weapon type.
The full, formal term for 'atomic bomb'. Used in technical, historical, and formal contexts.
原子爆弾は広島と長崎に投下された。
Atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
The common abbreviation for 原子爆弾. Used in everyday conversation, news, and historical discussions.
原爆の悲惨さを忘れてはいけない。
We must not forget the tragedy of the atomic bomb.
Literally 'nuclear bomb'. A broader term that includes atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs. Often used in technical or military contexts.
核爆弾の開発は国際的に規制されている。
The development of nuclear bombs is internationally regulated.
Referring to the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki as historical events.
Means 'atomic bombing' or 'dropping of the atomic bomb'. Commonly used when discussing the historical events.
原爆投下から70年以上が経った。
More than 70 years have passed since the atomic bombings.
Means 'being bombed' or 'exposure to the bomb'. Often used to describe the experience of victims (被爆者, hibakusha).
Using 'atomic bomb' metaphorically to describe something extremely impactful or destructive.
In Japanese, metaphorical use of 'atomic bomb' is less common than in English. It can be used in phrases like 原爆級のニュース (news of atomic bomb magnitude), but it may sound overly dramatic or insensitive. Often, other metaphors like 衝撃的 (shocking) are preferred.
Avoid using 原爆 lightly in casual conversation, as it may trivialize the historical tragedy.
その発表は原爆級の衝撃だった。
The announcement was as shocking as an atomic bomb.
In Japan, the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki are deeply traumatic historical events. Using terms like 原爆 or 原子爆弾 in casual or flippant contexts can be considered insensitive. Always be mindful of the context and the feelings of those who may be affected.
原爆 (genbaku) specifically refers to atomic bombs (fission weapons), while 核爆弾 (kaku bakudan) is a broader term for nuclear bombs, including hydrogen bombs (fusion weapons). In everyday conversation about the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings, 原爆 is the standard term.
原子爆弾は第二次世界大戦中に開発された。
The atomic bomb was developed during World War II.
多くの人が今も原爆の後遺症に苦しんでいる。
Many people still suffer from the effects of the atomic bomb.
He was exposed to the atomic bomb in Hiroshima.