Translation guide
The English phrase 'be surprised' describes a reaction to something unexpected. In Japanese, this is most commonly expressed with the verb 驚く (odoroku), but there are also other expressions depending on the degree of surprise and formality.
Expressing that someone is surprised by something unexpected or startling.
The most common and versatile verb for 'be surprised'. Can be used in both casual and formal contexts.
I was surprised to hear the news.
I was surprised by his sudden visit.
A very common, slightly more casual and emphatic way to say 'be surprised'. Often used for sudden or startling surprises.
I was startled by the loud noise.
Passive form of 驚かす (to surprise), meaning 'to be surprised' by someone or something. Emphasizes the cause of the surprise.
I am amazed by his talent.
A formal, literary term for being astonished or shocked. Used in writing or formal speech.
I was astonished by the result.
Expressing surprise mixed with admiration or wonder.
Expressing a sudden, often physical reaction to something unexpected, sometimes with fear.
To be startled or taken aback, often with a sense of shock or fright. Describes a sudden, involuntary reaction.
I was startled by the sudden noise.
To be startled or to suddenly realize something. Often used when something catches you off guard.
I was taken aback by his words.
Both mean 'be surprised', but びっくりする is more colloquial and often implies a sudden, physical reaction. 驚く is more general and can be used in formal contexts. びっくりする is not typically used in very formal writing.
I was surprised by his success. (neutral/formal)
I was surprised by his success. (casual, more emphatic)
Avoid directly translating 'be surprised' as 驚いている (odoroku in te-iru form) unless you specifically mean 'is in a state of surprise'. The simple past form 驚いた is more natural for 'I was surprised'.
Don't be surprised.
I was surprised by the news.
She was surprised to see him.
プレゼントをもらってびっくりした。
I was surprised to receive a present.