Translation guide
The concept of being independent in Japanese can be expressed through words and phrases that emphasize self-reliance, autonomy, or freedom from dependence. The most common and natural ways to convey this idea depend on the context, such as financial independence, emotional independence, or living on one's own.
Expressing the state of being independent in a broad sense, often implying self-sufficiency or autonomy.
The most common and versatile word for independence, covering financial, emotional, and social self-reliance. Often used in phrases like 自立する (to become independent).
彼は経済的に自立している。
He is financially independent.
親から自立したい。
I want to become independent from my parents.
Often used for independence of a country or organization, but can also refer to personal independence, especially in a formal or legal sense. Slightly more formal than 自立.
彼は独立して自分の会社を始めた。
He became independent and started his own company.
Literally 'standing on one's own,' this phrase emphasizes the ability to live or act independently, often used for young adults leaving home.
息子が一人立ちする日が来た。
The day has come for my son to become independent.
Specifically referring to the state of living by oneself, without family or roommates.
The standard phrase for living alone. It focuses on the living situation rather than the broader concept of independence.
大学生になって一人暮らしを始めた。
I started living alone when I became a university student.
Refers to being single or unmarried, but can imply living alone. More about marital status than independence.
Specifically referring to being financially self-sufficient, not relying on others for money.
The most direct way to say 'to become financially independent.'
経済的に自立できるように頑張ります。
I'll work hard so that I can become financially independent.
Means to support oneself financially, often used in contexts of earning one's own living.
アルバイトで自活している学生も多い。
Many students support themselves through part-time jobs.
Emphasizing the aspect of not being controlled by others, having autonomy.
Refers to autonomy or self-direction, the quality of acting independently based on one's own will.
子供の自主性を育てることが大切だ。
It's important to nurture children's independence.
Similar to 自主性, but emphasizes being the subject or agent of one's own actions. Often used in educational or business contexts.
自立 (jiritsu) is the most common word for personal independence, covering emotional, financial, and social self-reliance. 独立 (dokuritsu) is often used for nations or organizations becoming independent, but can also apply to individuals in a more formal or legal sense (e.g., starting a business). For everyday personal independence, 自立 is preferred.
The English phrase 'being independent' is a gerund or state. In Japanese, it's more natural to use verbs like 自立する (to become independent) or 自立している (to be independent) rather than a noun phrase. Avoid directly translating the '-ing' form.
彼女は自立することを大切にしている。
She values being independent.
自立するのは必ずしも簡単ではない。
Being independent isn't always easy.
独り身の気楽さを楽しんでいる。
I'm enjoying the ease of being single.
主体性を持って行動してください。
Please act with independence/initiative.