Translation guide
The English word 'compulsory' means required by law or rule. In Japanese, the most common equivalent is 義務 (gimu) used as a noun or in compounds. Other expressions depend on whether it's about education, military service, or general obligations.
Expressing that something is mandatory according to regulations, laws, or official requirements.
Noun meaning 'duty' or 'obligation'. Often used in compounds like 義務教育 (compulsory education). Can be used with の to modify nouns.
In Japan, elementary and junior high school are compulsory education.
Noun meaning 'required' or 'compulsory', especially for school subjects or courses. Often used as 必修科目 (compulsory subject).
This subject is compulsory.
Noun meaning 'compulsion' or 'coercion'. Used when something is forced upon someone, often with a negative nuance. 強制的な is the adjective form.
Compulsory participation should be avoided.
Noun meaning 'indispensable' or 'required'. Often used for requirements, conditions, or items that are mandatory. 必須の is the adjective form.
A passport is compulsory.
Referring specifically to education that is mandated by law.
The standard term for 'compulsory education'. Used as a noun.
Compulsory education is free.
Referring to mandatory service in the armed forces.
Referring to a subject that students must take.
Noun meaning 'compulsory subject' or 'required course'.
Is English a compulsory subject?
Describing an action that is forced or required, often by authority.
Na-adjective meaning 'compulsory' or 'forced'. Used to describe actions or measures.
Compulsory measures were taken.
義務 (gimu) is a general duty or obligation, often legal. 必修 (hisshuu) is specifically for required courses or subjects. 強制 (kyousei) implies force or coercion, and can have a negative nuance. Use 義務 for most 'compulsory' contexts, 必修 for education, and 強制 when emphasizing the lack of choice.
Is voting compulsory?
Is this class compulsory?
Compulsory labor is prohibited.
Fulfill one's compulsory military service.