Translation guide
The English word 'containing' is often used as a participle meaning 'which contains' or 'including'. In Japanese, this concept is usually expressed through relative clauses, the particle を含む, or suffixes like 入り. The best choice depends on whether you are describing contents, listing items, or specifying ingredients.
To say that something contains a substance, ingredient, or component.
Use を含む as a relative clause modifying the container. This is the most direct and common way to express 'containing' for physical contents.
ビタミンCを含む飲み物
a drink containing vitamin C
アルコールを含む食品
foods containing alcohol
The suffix 入り means 'containing' or 'with ... inside'. It is commonly used for products, especially food and drinks.
果肉入りのジュース
juice containing fruit pulp
おもちゃ入りのお菓子
snacks containing a toy
A more colloquial relative clause using 入っている (is inside). Often used in spoken Japanese.
お茶が入っている水筒
a water bottle containing tea
To say 'including' or 'such as' when giving examples.
Means 'including N'. Used to explicitly include an item in a list.
私を含めて5人です。
There are five people, including me.
Means 'such as' or 'etc.'. Implies there are other items not listed.
りんごなどの果物
fruit such as apples (lit. fruit containing apples)
To specify that something includes a particular condition, clause, or detail.
Same pattern as physical contents, but used for abstract inclusion like conditions or rules.
条件を含む契約
a contract containing conditions
English often uses 'containing' as a preposition-like participle before a noun. Japanese does not have a direct equivalent; you must use a relative clause or a suffix like 入り. Do not try to translate 'containing' as a standalone word.