Translation guide
The English word "crystal" covers several distinct concepts in Japanese. This guide breaks them down by meaning: the solid material, decorative glassware, watch glass, and the metaphorical sense of clarity.
Referring to a crystal as a scientific or natural solid with a regular repeating pattern of atoms, such as quartz, salt, or snowflakes.
The standard term for a crystal in scientific and general contexts. Refers to the solid material itself.
Snow crystals are very beautiful.
We did an experiment to make salt crystals.
Loanword from English. Often used for decorative or high-quality crystal items, or in brand names. Can also refer to the material in a more stylish sense.
This crystal ornament is expensive.
Referring to fine glassware, such as wine glasses, vases, or chandeliers, often called 'crystal' in English.
Specifically refers to lead crystal glass, used for high-end tableware and decorative items.
She collects crystal wine glasses.
Often used alone to mean crystal glassware, especially in contexts like 'crystal chandelier' or 'crystal vase'.
The clear protective cover over the dial of a watch, often called the 'crystal'.
Describing something as clear, pure, or transparent like a crystal, often used for water, sound, or abstract qualities.
While 'crystal clear' can be translated as 水晶のように澄んだ, in many cases a simpler adjective like 透き通った (すきとおった, transparent/clear) or 澄んだ (すんだ, clear/pure) is more natural. Reserve the crystal simile for poetic or emphatic contexts.
The crystal chandelier is shining.
This watch uses sapphire crystal.