Translation guide
How to refer to a fat person in Japanese, ranging from neutral descriptions to slang and euphemisms. The most common and safest term is 太った人 (futotta hito). Direct translations like 太い人 (futoi hito) are unnatural. Be aware that many terms carry negative connotations, and Japanese often avoids direct physical descriptions.
Describing someone as fat in a neutral, factual way without strong negative connotations.
Literally 'a person who has gotten fat'. This is the most common and neutral way to say 'fat person'. It uses the verb 太る (to get fat) in the past tense modifying 人 (person).
Who is that fat person?
A fat person got on the train.
Literally 'a person who is fat'. Uses the progressive form of 太る, emphasizing the current state. Slightly more descriptive than 太った人.
He is a fat person.
Means 'obese person'. More clinical and formal, often used in medical contexts. Can sound harsh in casual conversation.
Obese people need to be careful about their health.
Referring to a fat person indirectly or politely, often used to avoid sounding rude.
Means 'chubby person'. A softer, often affectionate term. Commonly used for babies, children, or in a cute way. Can be used for adults but may still be considered condescending by some.
She is a chubby person.
Means 'plump person'. A more elegant and positive term, often used to describe someone with a full figure. Common in literature and polite speech.
A plump woman entered the store.
Means 'large-built person'. Focuses on overall body frame rather than fatness. Can be a polite way to refer to someone big without directly mentioning weight.
Informal, often rude terms for a fat person. Use with caution as they can be highly offensive.
A common slang term for 'fatty' or 'fatso'. Can be used jokingly among close friends but is generally derogatory. Often used as a noun or prefix.
Highly offensive if used with strangers or in formal settings.
That fatty is eating again.
Hiragana version of デブ, same meaning and usage.
Literally 'pig'. Used as a strong insult for a fat person. Extremely offensive.
Very insulting; avoid unless you intend to be extremely rude.
Terms used in healthcare or scientific contexts to describe obesity.
Do not use 太い人 (futoi hito). 太い means 'thick' and is used for objects like ropes or trees, not for describing a person's body fat. Use 太った人 instead.
thick person (unnatural)
Japanese culture often avoids direct comments about physical appearance, especially negative ones. Even neutral terms like 太った人 can be considered rude if used directly to someone's face. It's safer to avoid the topic or use very indirect language.
He is a large-built person and is strong.
He's a fatty but kind.
You pig!
People with an obese body type should start exercising.