Translation guide
How to express that something is filled with or has a lot of something in Japanese, depending on whether it's physical, emotional, or abstract.
Describing a container, space, or object that is filled with a substance or items.
The most common and versatile way to say 'full of N'. Used for both concrete and abstract things.
The box is full of toys.
The venue was full of people.
Similar to でいっぱい, but uses が to mark the subject. Often used when the thing being full is the topic.
This room is full of books.
A literary or formal verb meaning 'to be filled with'. Often used in set phrases or poetic contexts.
The moon becomes full.
Expressing that someone is filled with feelings like joy, hope, or confidence.
Also works for emotions and abstract concepts.
Her heart was full of joy.
That story is full of hope.
Means 'overflowing with N', often used for positive emotions or energy. More expressive than でいっぱい.
He is full of confidence.
A literary expression meaning 'filled with N'. Often used in written language.
A letter full of love.
Describing a place, object, or situation that contains many of something, often with a nuance of abundance.
Literally 'there are many N'. A natural way to say something is full of things when you mean there are a lot of them.
This park is full of flowers.
His room is full of books.
Means 'full of N' with a negative connotation, implying something is covered or filled with undesirable things.
Usually negative; avoid for positive things.
The room is full of garbage.
Means 'abundant in N', used for resources, nutrients, etc. More formal.
This vegetable is full of vitamins.
Describing a person who is arrogant or self-important.
でいっぱい is neutral and can be used for both physical and abstract fullness. にあふれる implies an overflowing abundance, often positive. だらけ is negative, meaning 'covered with' or 'littered with' undesirable things.
The room is full of toys (neutral).
She is full of charm (positive overflow).
The road is full of mud (negative).
その映画はユーモアにあふれている。
The movie is full of humor.
答案は間違いだらけだった。
The exam paper was full of mistakes.