Translation guide
A Western-style dish consisting of a ground meat patty, often served with a sauce. In Japanese, this is known as ハンバーグ (hanbāgu), a popular yōshoku (Western-influenced Japanese cuisine) item.
Referring to a hamburger steak as a food item, typically a ground meat patty served with sauce, not in a bun.
The standard Japanese term for a hamburger steak. It is a loanword from English, but note that it refers to the patty dish, not a sandwich.
Clarifying that you mean the steak dish, not a burger in a bun.
In Japanese, ハンバーグ (hanbāgu) is the steak, while ハンバーガー (hanbāgā) is the sandwich. This distinction is crucial to avoid confusion.
Tonight's dinner is hamburger steak.
A longer, more explicit term, sometimes used on menus to emphasize the Western style. Less common in everyday speech.
There is hamburger steak on the menu.
I want to eat hamburger steak, not a hamburger.