Translation guide
A serious condition caused by the body overheating, usually from prolonged exposure to high temperatures or physical exertion in hot weather. In Japanese, the most common and general term is 熱中症 (ねっちゅうしょう), which covers a range of heat-related illnesses. More specific terms exist for severe cases or sun-induced heatstroke.
To refer to heatstroke or any heat-related illness in everyday conversation, news, or warnings.
The standard, all-encompassing term for heat-related illnesses, from mild heat exhaustion to severe heatstroke. Used in weather forecasts, public health warnings, and daily conversation.
Please be careful of heatstroke.
Yesterday, someone collapsed from heatstroke.
To specifically refer to the most severe form of heatstroke, often with high fever, altered mental state, and hot dry skin.
Medical term for classic heatstroke, where the body's temperature regulation fails. Often used in clinical or emergency contexts.
Heatstroke can be life-threatening.
To emphasize that the condition was caused specifically by the sun, often with headache and dizziness.
Refers to sunstroke, caused by direct exposure to strong sunlight. Historically common, but now often subsumed under 熱中症 in general usage.
I got sunstroke working under the blazing sun.
熱中症 is the umbrella term for all heat-related illnesses, including heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heatstroke. 熱射病 is the most severe form, characterized by a body temperature above 40°C and central nervous system dysfunction. 日射病 specifically refers to illness caused by direct sun exposure, but it is less commonly used today; 熱中症 is preferred in most contexts.
Avoid literal translations like 熱打撃 or 熱ストローク. They are not used in Japanese. Stick to the established terms above.