Translation guide
A loan that violates laws, often involving unlicensed lending, excessive interest, or circumventing regulations. In Japanese, this is commonly expressed with terms related to 'illegal lending' or 'loan sharking', and specific legal terms exist for usury.
A loan made by an unlicensed lender or with illegal terms, often associated with high interest and aggressive collection.
Refers to unlicensed, illegal moneylending operations, often called 'loan sharks' in English. This is the most direct and common term for illegal loans in everyday contexts.
彼は闇金融から金を借りてしまった。
He ended up borrowing money from an illegal lender.
Abbreviation of 闇金融, very common in news and casual speech. Carries a strong connotation of shady, high-interest loans.
ヤミ金に手を出すと危険だ。
It's dangerous to get involved with loan sharks.
A formal term meaning 'illegal loan' or 'illegal lending'. Used in legal contexts or official documents.
違法貸付は法律で禁止されている。
Illegal lending is prohibited by law.
Literally 'high-interest loan', often implying illegal or exploitative rates. Can refer to both legal but high-interest and illegal usury.
高利貸しに苦しめられた。
I was tormented by a loan shark.
Charging interest above the legal limit, making the loan illegal.
Violation of the Investment Law, specifically referring to lending at interest rates exceeding the legal cap. This is the standard legal term for usury.
その貸金業者は出資法違反で逮捕された。
The moneylender was arrested for violating the Investment Law (usury).
Violation of the Interest Rate Restriction Law, another legal term for exceeding allowed interest rates. Often used together with 出資法違反.
利息制限法違反の契約は無効です。
Contracts that violate the Interest Rate Restriction Law are invalid.
Extremely high interest, often used to describe illegal loan conditions. Not a legal term but descriptive.
超高利のローンは違法だ。
Loans with extremely high interest are illegal.
A loan contract that is void or unenforceable because it violates laws.
A straightforward phrase meaning 'illegal loan contract'. Suitable for formal or legal explanations.
違法な貸付契約は無効となります。
An illegal loan contract becomes void.
'Invalid loan contract', often used when the contract is illegal and thus unenforceable.
無効なローン契約にサインしてしまった。
I ended up signing an invalid loan contract.
The direct translation '不法ローン' (fuhō rōn) is not commonly used and may sound unnatural. Use 闇金融 or ヤミ金 for illegal lending operations, or legal terms like 出資法違反 for usury.
闇金融 (yami kinyū) are illegal, unregistered lenders. 消費者金融 (shōhisha kinyū) are legal consumer finance companies, though some may charge high interest near the legal limit. Do not confuse them.