Translation guide
This phrase is used to add another point or piece of information to what has already been said. In Japanese, it is often expressed with conjunctions or sentence-ending particles that indicate addition.
To introduce an additional fact or point, similar to 'furthermore' or 'moreover'.
A common, neutral way to say 'in addition to that' or 'besides that'. Used in both spoken and written Japanese.
このレストランは安いです。それに、おいしいです。
This restaurant is cheap. In addition to that, it's delicious.
Slightly more formal than それに. Often used to add a point that emphasizes or strengthens the previous statement.
彼は頭がいい。その上、スポーツもできる。
He is smart. In addition to that, he is good at sports.
Means 'furthermore' or 'in addition'. Often used in formal or written contexts, and can also imply 'even more'.
この製品は軽い。さらに、丈夫だ。
This product is light. In addition to that, it's durable.
A more formal, written expression meaning 'in addition'. Often used in reports or presentations.
新しい法律が施行された。加えて、税制も変更された。
A new law was enacted. In addition to that, the tax system was revised.
To add an afterthought or supplementary information at the end of a sentence, similar to '...and also...'.
Used at the end of a clause to list reasons or additional facts. Often implies there are other unstated reasons. Can be used multiple times.
今日は雨だし、出かけたくない。
It's raining today, and in addition to that, I don't want to go out.
Listing multiple reasons or additional points. Often ends with 〜し for an open-ended feel.
このアパートは駅から近いし、家賃も安いし、いいと思う。
This apartment is close to the station, and in addition to that, the rent is cheap, so I think it's good.
To add information that contrasts with or is unexpected given the previous statement, similar to 'on top of that' or 'and yet also'.
Adds a surprising or emphatic additional point. Can be translated as 'moreover', 'what's more', or 'and on top of that'.
彼は遅刻した。しかも、謝らなかった。
He was late. In addition to that, he didn't apologize.
All three mean 'in addition', but それに is the most casual and common in everyday speech. その上 is slightly more formal and often implies an accumulation of positive or negative points. さらに is more formal and can also mean 'even more' or 'furthermore' in a sequential sense.
彼は親切だ。それに、面白い。
He is kind. In addition, he is funny.
彼は親切だ。その上、面白い。
He is kind. On top of that, he is funny.
彼は親切だ。さらに、面白い。
He is kind. Furthermore, he is funny.
Do not directly translate 'in addition to that' word-for-word as それに加えて in casual conversation; it sounds overly formal. Use それに or しかも instead for natural speech.