Translation guide
Describes a personality that is more focused on internal thoughts and feelings than on external social interaction. In Japanese, this can be expressed through specific adjectives, descriptive phrases, or by referencing common cultural concepts.
To describe someone who is generally introverted as a personality characteristic.
The most direct and standard translation for 'introverted' as a personality trait. It is a na-adjective.
He has an introverted personality.
I'm somewhat introverted, if anything.
Literally 'shy of people', this describes someone who is shy or uncomfortable around strangers. It often overlaps with introversion but focuses on initial social anxiety.
This emphasizes shyness with strangers rather than a general preference for solitude.
She's shy around new people and doesn't like parties.
Means 'quiet' or 'taciturn'. It describes someone who doesn't talk much, which can be a sign of introversion.
He's a quiet person, but kind.
To express that someone prefers being alone or in small groups rather than socializing.
To describe the feeling of being drained by social interaction, a common introvert experience.
Means 'I get tired when I meet people'. It's a common, relatable way to explain introversion.
I get really tired when I meet people.
A more technical or explanatory phrase: 'socializing consumes my energy'. It's less common in casual speech but precise.
To reference the Japanese cultural concept of being reserved or introspective.
Means 'shy' or 'bashful'. It implies a reserved nature, often associated with introversion in Japanese culture.
More about shyness than a preference for solitude. Can be seen as a negative trait in some contexts.
He's shy and doesn't talk much.
Slang term for someone with a gloomy or introverted personality, often contrasted with '陽キャ' (outgoing). Used mainly by younger people.
内向的 (naikouteki) is a neutral, psychological term for introversion. 内気 (uchiki) implies shyness or bashfulness and can carry a slightly negative connotation of being withdrawn. Use 内向的 for a factual description of personality; use 内気 when emphasizing shyness.
While 内向的 is correct, in casual conversation Japanese speakers often describe introverted behavior with phrases like 一人でいるのが好き (I like being alone) or 人見知り (shy around people) rather than using the clinical term.
I'm the type who gets drained by socializing.
That person is an introvert, so they don't go out much.