Translation guide
In Japanese, how you refer to a local government official depends on the context: their specific role, the level of formality, and whether you are addressing them directly or talking about them. This guide covers common terms for municipal and prefectural employees, elected officials, and ways to refer to them in conversation.
Referring to someone who works for a city, town, or prefectural office in a general sense.
The standard, formal term for any local public servant, including administrative staff, teachers, police, and firefighters employed by prefectures or municipalities.
彼は地方公務員として働いています。
He works as a local government official.
Literally 'city hall staff', this is a common way to refer to municipal employees in everyday conversation.
市役所の職員に聞いてみます。
I'll ask a city hall staff member.
A slightly more technical term for employees of local government bodies (自治体). Often used in news or official contexts.
自治体職員の給与が引き下げられた。
Salaries of local government employees were reduced.
Referring to someone who holds an elected position in local government.
Mayor of a city. Use 町長 (ちょうちょう) for town mayor, 村長 (そんちょう) for village mayor.
市長が新しい政策を発表した。
The mayor announced a new policy.
Governor of a prefecture. Often used with the prefecture name, e.g., 東京都知事 (とうきょうとちじ).
知事選挙が来月行われる。
The gubernatorial election will be held next month.
How to address or mention a local government official in a respectful way, especially in face-to-face situations.
For mayors and governors, use their title + さん (e.g., 市長さん) in semi-formal settings. In very formal contexts or for assembly members, 先生 (せんせい) is used as a honorific title, similar to how it's used for doctors and teachers.
市長さん、本日はありがとうございます。
Mayor, thank you for today.
田中先生、ご意見をお聞かせください。
Mr./Ms. Tanaka (assembly member), please share your opinion.
When you don't know the person's exact title, you can refer to them as 係の人 (かかりのひと, person in charge) or 担当者 (たんとうしゃ, person responsible). This is common at city hall counters.
すみません、担当者の方をお願いします。
Excuse me, may I speak to the person in charge?
公務員 (こうむいん) means 'public servant' and includes national government employees. To specify local government, use 地方公務員 or a more specific term like 市役所職員.
In Japanese, it's common to refer to someone by their title alone without a name, e.g., 市長 (the mayor) rather than 'Mayor Tanaka'. This is natural and not considered rude.
City assembly member. Can be shortened to 市議 (しぎ) in conversation. For prefectural assembly, use 県議会議員 (けんぎかいぎいん) or 県議 (けんぎ).
彼は市議会議員に立候補した。
He ran for city council.