Translation guide
The English word 'muscle' can refer to body tissue, physical strength, or power/influence. This guide covers natural Japanese expressions for each meaning.
Referring to the physical tissue in the body that contracts to produce movement.
The standard word for muscle tissue. Used in everyday conversation, medical contexts, and fitness.
Referring to muscular strength or a well-built physique, often in a casual or admiring way.
Referring to the ability to exert force or influence, often in a political, economic, or organizational context.
While 筋肉 can be used metaphorically in some contexts, it's not common for political or economic influence. Use 力 or 影響力 instead.
筋肉をつけるためにジムに通っています。
I go to the gym to build muscle.
My muscles are so sore I can barely walk down the stairs.
Often used in compound words or more technical contexts. Can mean a specific muscle or sinew.
I pulled a muscle in my shoulder.
Also used to talk about muscular strength or a muscular body.
He's really muscular.
Casual/slang term for a muscular man or macho physique. Often used in fitness contexts.
I want to get ripped.
Refers specifically to muscular strength or power, often in sports or training.
I do strength training every day.
General word for power, strength, or influence. Can be used in many contexts.
He has political muscle.
Specifically means influence or clout. Often used when talking about ability to affect decisions.
That company has a lot of muscle in the industry.
Military power or armed force. Used in contexts of military muscle.
That country opted for a solution using military muscle.