Translation guide
The process of bringing an industry or assets under state control or ownership. In Japanese, this is typically expressed with 国有化, but related terms exist for different nuances.
To express the act of a government taking control of a private industry or company.
The standard term for nationalization, meaning conversion to state ownership. Used for industries, companies, or assets.
政府は鉄道を国有化した。
The government nationalized the railways.
石油産業の国有化が発表された。
The nationalization of the oil industry was announced.
Emphasizes state operation or management rather than just ownership. Often used for services or utilities.
その航空会社は国営化された。
The airline was nationalized (brought under state operation).
A more colloquial way to say 'make state-owned'. Less formal than 国有化する.
その工場を国有にしようという動きがある。
There is a movement to nationalize that factory.
To express the idea of making something national in scope or character, not necessarily ownership.
Refers to state control or management, often used in contexts like healthcare or resources, without implying full ownership transfer.
医療の国家管理化が議論されている。
The nationalization of healthcare is being debated.
A descriptive phrase meaning 'place under national control'. Used in formal or explanatory contexts.
その資源は国の管理下に置かれた。
The resources were placed under national control.
To express the process of becoming a citizen of a country. Note: This is a different concept from economic nationalization.
The legal term for naturalization as a citizen. Not to be confused with economic nationalization.
Do not use 国有化 for citizenship naturalization. 帰化 is the correct term.
彼は日本に帰化した。
He became a naturalized Japanese citizen.
English 'nationalization' can refer to citizenship, but in Japanese, 国有化 only means state ownership. Use 帰化 for naturalization.