Translation guide
The process of bringing an industry or assets under state control or ownership. In Japanese, this is typically expressed with 国有化, but related terms exist for different nuances.
To express the act of a government taking control of a private industry or company.
The standard term for nationalization, meaning conversion to state ownership. Used for industries, companies, or assets.
The government nationalized the railways.
The nationalization of the oil industry was announced.
Emphasizes state operation or management rather than just ownership. Often used for services or utilities.
The airline was nationalized (brought under state operation).
A more colloquial way to say 'make state-owned'. Less formal than 国有化する.
There is a movement to nationalize that factory.
To express the idea of making something national in scope or character, not necessarily ownership.
Refers to state control or management, often used in contexts like healthcare or resources, without implying full ownership transfer.
The nationalization of healthcare is being debated.
A descriptive phrase meaning 'place under national control'. Used in formal or explanatory contexts.
To express the process of becoming a citizen of a country. Note: This is a different concept from economic nationalization.
The legal term for naturalization as a citizen. Not to be confused with economic nationalization.
Do not use 国有化 for citizenship naturalization. 帰化 is the correct term.
He became a naturalized Japanese citizen.
English 'nationalization' can refer to citizenship, but in Japanese, 国有化 only means state ownership. Use 帰化 for naturalization.
The resources were placed under national control.