Translation guide
The concept of 'natural law' in English can refer to a philosophical/legal principle or to a scientific law of nature. In Japanese, these are distinct terms. This guide helps learners choose the right expression based on context.
A system of law based on moral principles inherent in human nature, often contrasted with man-made law.
The standard term for natural law in philosophy, ethics, and legal theory. Used in academic and formal contexts.
A descriptive law or regularity observed in the natural world, such as in physics or biology.
自然法 (しぜんほう) is used exclusively for the philosophical concept of natural law (moral/legal theory). 自然法則 (しぜんほうそく) is used for scientific laws of nature. Using the wrong one can cause confusion.
自然法の考え方はローマ法に影響を与えた。
The idea of natural law influenced Roman law.
自然法則は数学的に記述される。
Natural laws are described mathematically.
自然法は人間の理性に基づく普遍的な法である。
Natural law is a universal law based on human reason.
Can sometimes be used in philosophical contexts, but more commonly refers to scientific laws. Use with caution to avoid confusion.
Primarily means 'law of nature' in the scientific sense. In philosophical contexts, 自然法 is preferred.
彼は自然法則に従って生きるべきだと主張した。
He argued that we should live according to natural law.
The standard term for a law of nature in science. Used in physics, chemistry, biology, etc.
ニュートンは万有引力の自然法則を発見した。
Newton discovered the natural law of universal gravitation.
A slightly more colloquial or explanatory phrase meaning 'the laws of nature'. Often used in general discussion.
自然の法則に逆らうことはできない。
You cannot go against the laws of nature.
Specifically refers to physical laws. Use when the context is clearly physics.
この現象は物理法則で説明できる。
This phenomenon can be explained by natural law (physical laws).