Translation guide
In Japanese, 'particle' refers to grammatical particles (助詞) that mark grammatical relations, as well as physical particles (粒子) in science contexts. This guide focuses on the grammatical sense, which is essential for learners.
grammatical particle (e.g., は, が, を)
General term for grammatical particles.
physical particle (e.g., dust, subatomic)
Used in physics, chemistry, and general contexts for small particles.
The learner wants to refer to the grammatical concept of particles in Japanese, such as は, が, を, etc.
The standard linguistic term for grammatical particles. Use this when discussing Japanese grammar.
Japanese particles are difficult.
'Wa' and 'ga' are particles.
A traditional term referring to particles and auxiliary verbs, often used when discussing proper particle usage or writing style. It literally lists the hiragana characters て, に, を, は.
Please write sentences paying attention to particles (and auxiliary verbs).
Specifically case particles (e.g., が, を, に, へ, と, から, より, で). Used in detailed grammatical analysis.
'Wo' is an accusative case particle.
The learner wants to refer to a tiny piece of matter, such as dust, a subatomic particle, or a particle in physics.
General term for a physical particle, used in science and everyday contexts (e.g., dust particles, elementary particles).
Tiny particles are floating in the air.
Emphasizes very small particles, often used in technical or scientific contexts (e.g., fine particles, particulates).
Refers to a grain or small roundish particle, like a grain of rice or sand. Not used for subatomic particles.
助詞 (joshi) is for grammatical particles; 粒子 (ryūshi) is for physical particles. Using the wrong one can cause confusion.
'Wa' is a particle (grammatical).
Viruses are tiny particles (physical).
素粒子物理学は粒子の性質を研究する。
Particle physics studies the properties of particles.
This filter removes fine particles.
A grain of sand got into my shoe.