Translation guide
The English word 'plain' covers several distinct meanings. This guide helps learners choose the right Japanese expression for each meaning, from describing simple things to talking about flat land.
Describing something that is simple, without decoration or extra features.
A common loanword meaning simple, uncluttered, or minimal. Used for design, clothing, food, etc.
This design is very plain, isn't it?
Means plain, sober, or subdued. Often used for clothing, colors, or appearance. Can have a slightly negative nuance of 'dull'.
She always wears plain clothes.
Means plain, simple, or frugal. Often used for lifestyle, living, or meals. Has a positive nuance of modesty.
He leads a plain life.
Describes something light, simple, or not heavy. Often used for food, flavors, or designs.
I like soup with a plain taste.
Expressing that something is clear, obvious, or easy to understand.
Means clear, obvious, or plain. Used in formal or written contexts.
His lie was plain.
Means obvious, clear, or evident. Slightly more common in speech than 明白.
That's a plain mistake.
Means clear, distinct, or plain. Used for statements, evidence, or memories.
There is no plain evidence.
Referring to a large area of flat land, often without trees.
Describing a person as not beautiful or handsome.
Means plain-looking or homely, specifically for a woman's appearance. Can be rude, so use with care.
This word can be offensive. Use only when necessary and with caution.
She thinks she is plain.
A softer way to say 'not good-looking', literally 'features are not good'. Less direct than 不器量.
Means 'ordinary features', a neutral way to describe a plain face.
Describing food that lacks strong flavor or seasoning.
Describing something that is pure, without anything added, like plain water or plain yogurt.
シンプル is neutral and often positive (simple, uncluttered). 地味 can be negative (dull, plain in a boring way). 質素 implies modesty and frugality, often positive.
I like simple designs.
Those clothes are a bit too plain.
I try to eat plain meals.
Directly calling someone 'plain' can be rude in Japanese. Use softer expressions like 器量が良くない or rephrase entirely.
She's not particularly beautiful, but she's nice.
The Kanto Plain is the largest plain in Japan.
He is plain, but has a good personality.
He has plain features but is very charming.
この料理は味気ない。
This dish is plain.
I want to drink plain tea.