Translation guide
In Japanese, adding a postscript to a letter or message is common, but the approach differs from English. Instead of 'P.S.', Japanese uses specific phrases or simply adds the extra thought after the main text. The choice depends on formality and medium.
The writer wants to add an afterthought or additional message after the main body of a letter or email.
The standard equivalent of 'P.S.' in Japanese letters and emails. It is written before the additional message. Common in both personal and semi-formal correspondence.
追伸：来週のパーティーを楽しみにしています。
P.S. I'm looking forward to the party next week.
Used for a second postscript after 追伸. Less common, but seen in formal letters.
二伸：先日はお世話になりました。
P.P.S. Thank you for your help the other day.
In casual emails or messages, Japanese often omit 'P.S.' and just write the additional thought after the main text, sometimes separated by a line break. This is natural and avoids sounding overly formal.
また、明日の会議の資料を送ってください。
Also, please send the documents for tomorrow's meeting.
追伸 is written after the main body and before the signature. In vertical writing, it is often placed at the bottom left. In horizontal writing, it appears after the main text, often on a new line.
なお is used to add supplementary information within the main text, not as a postscript. 追伸 is specifically for afterthoughts added after the letter is finished.
なお、詳細は後日お知らせします。
Furthermore, details will be announced later.