Translation guide
The English verb 'realise' (also spelled 'realize') covers several related meanings: becoming aware of a fact, understanding something clearly, achieving a goal or dream, and converting assets into cash. This guide helps learners choose natural Japanese expressions for each meaning.
Expressing that you suddenly or gradually become conscious of something, often something you didn't know before.
The most common and versatile way to say 'realise' in the sense of noticing or becoming aware of something. Can be used for both sudden and gradual realizations.
彼が嘘をついていることに気づいた。
I realised he was lying.
外が暗くなっているのに気づかなかった。
I didn't realise it had gotten dark outside.
Often used when 'realise' means 'understand' or 'comprehend' a situation. More about mental grasping than sensory noticing.
その時、自分が間違っていたと分かった。
At that moment, I realised I was wrong.
Implies a deeper, often spiritual or profound realization. Can sound dramatic or literary in everyday contexts.
彼は人生の無常を悟った。
He realised the impermanence of life.
Synonymous with 気づく, slightly more colloquial. Often used in spoken Japanese.
忘れ物に気がついた。
I realised I had forgotten something.
Expressing that a plan, dream, or ambition has been successfully accomplished or brought into reality.
The standard translation for 'realise' in the sense of making something happen. Used for dreams, plans, projects.
彼はついに夢を実現した。
He finally realised his dream.
その計画は実現しなかった。
The plan was not realised.
Focuses on achieving a specific target or goal, often with effort. Similar to 'accomplish'.
彼女は目標を達成した。
She realised her goal.
Literally 'to take shape', used when an idea or project becomes concrete. More casual.
長年の構想がやっと形になった。
The long-held concept finally became a reality.
Expressing the financial action of selling something to obtain money.
Specifically means to convert into cash. Used for assets, securities, etc.
彼は株を現金化した。
He realised his shares.
Similar to 現金化する, but can also be used for converting points or vouchers into money.
ポイントを換金する。
To realise points (convert into cash).
実現する means 'to make real' or 'to actualise', not 'to become aware'. Using it for noticing something is a common mistake.
間違いに気づいた。
I realised my mistake.