Translation guide
A character that combines a meaning element (semantic component) and a sound element (phonetic component), as in many Chinese-derived characters used in Japanese (kanji). This guide explains how to refer to such characters in Japanese.
The learner wants to refer to the category of characters that have both a meaning part and a sound part, typical of most kanji.
About 90% of kanji are phono-semantic compound characters.
A descriptive phrase meaning 'a character that represents meaning and sound'. Useful when explaining the concept without technical jargon.
This kanji is a character that represents meaning and sound.
The learner wants to talk about the part of the character that gives a clue to the meaning.
The semantic component or radical that indicates meaning. Common in kanji dictionaries.
The semantic component of '河' (river) is the 'water' radical.
Often used for the radical or classifier, which frequently serves as the semantic component. Note: not all radicals are semantic components, but in many cases they overlap.
部首 is a broader term for dictionary section headers; it may not always be the semantic component.
The learner wants to talk about the part of the character that hints at the pronunciation.
In casual conversation about kanji, Japanese speakers might simply say 「この漢字は意味の部分と音の部分がある」 (This kanji has a meaning part and a sound part) rather than using technical terms like 形声文字. The technical terms are more common in educational or academic settings.
この漢字の部首は「きへん」です。
The radical of this kanji is 'tree'.
In phono-semantic characters, the phonetic component represents the sound.