Translation guide
Describes something that is extra, beyond the usual or required number, often in formal or technical contexts.
To describe someone or something that is additional to the standard or necessary amount, often in a formal or organizational setting.
Refers to surplus or excess, commonly used for personnel or resources that are beyond what is needed.
彼は余剰人員として扱われた。
He was treated as supernumerary staff.
Literally 'outside the fixed number', used for someone not counted in the official quota, like an extra member.
彼女は定員外のメンバーとして参加した。
She participated as a supernumerary member.
Means excess or surplus, often with a negative connotation of being too many. Can be used for people or things.
過剰な人員を削減する必要がある。
We need to reduce the supernumerary staff.
Referring to an additional body part, such as a tooth or rib, that is beyond the normal number.
Describing an actor with a non-speaking, background role.
The common loanword for a background actor or extra in film and theater.
彼は映画でエキストラとして出演した。
He appeared as a supernumerary in the movie.
Means a minor or bit part, often used for small roles including supernumeraries.
A supernumerary rib was found.
She stood on stage as a supernumerary.