Translation guide
The English word "turnover" has several distinct meanings. This guide covers the most common ones for learners: business revenue, employee replacement rate, pastry, and sports loss of possession. Each meaning uses different Japanese words.
Total sales or revenue of a company over a period.
The standard business term for total sales or revenue. Used in financial reports and everyday business contexts.
Our company's annual turnover exceeded 10 billion yen.
A slightly less formal synonym for sales/revenue, common in conversation.
This month's turnover grew compared to last month.
Used for trading volume or transaction value, especially in securities or financial contexts.
The daily turnover on the Tokyo Stock Exchange is enormous.
The rate at which employees leave a company and are replaced.
The standard term for employee turnover rate. Often used in HR contexts.
This company's turnover rate is higher than the industry average.
Refers to the general replacement or turnover of people, not necessarily a rate. More casual.
Literally 'rotation rate'. Can be used for employee turnover but more commonly for inventory or seat turnover in restaurants. Clarify context.
May be misunderstood as inventory turnover. Use 離職率 for clarity.
A small pie made by folding dough over a fruit filling.
Losing the ball to the opposing team through a mistake.
The standard term in basketball, American football, and other sports. Used as-is in Japanese sports commentary.
His turnover changed the momentum of the game.
General phrase meaning 'to have the ball taken away'. Not a noun, but describes the action.
They had a turnover due to a bad pass.
Generic 'mistake', often used informally for a turnover in sports.
Do not translate 'turnover' word-for-word. The Japanese equivalent depends entirely on context. Using 売上高 for a pastry or ターンオーバー for revenue will cause confusion.
売上高 (turnover/revenue) is top-line sales before expenses. 利益 (profit) is what remains after costs. Do not confuse them.
Turnover is large, but profit is small.
The company's turnover increased by 10%.
High staff turnover is a problem.
I'll have a cherry turnover.
The point guard had 5 turnovers.
It's a store with high staff turnover.
There are industries with high personnel turnover.
This turnover has custard inside.
That turnover hurt.