Translation guide
In Japanese, the concept of 'water shortage' is most commonly expressed with the word 水不足 (mizubusoku). Depending on context, other terms like 渇水 (kassui) or 水枯れ (mizugare) may be used, but 水不足 is the most versatile and widely understood.
A lack of sufficient water for daily use, agriculture, or industry.
The most common and general term for water shortage. Used in everyday conversation and news.
This year, the water shortage is serious.
Due to the water shortage, please conserve water.
Often used in formal or technical contexts, such as news reports or official announcements. Can imply drought conditions.
Crops are being damaged due to the water shortage.
Literally 'water drying up'. Used for wells, rivers, or springs running dry. More specific than general shortage.
The well ran dry.
A long period with little or no rain, leading to water scarcity.
A temporary interruption of water supply, often due to maintenance or disaster.
Specifically means water supply is cut off. Not a natural shortage, but a planned or emergency suspension.
Tomorrow, the water will be cut off due to plumbing work.
水不足 is a general lack of water resources. 渇水 is more formal and often used in official contexts. 断水 means the water supply is intentionally or accidentally stopped, not necessarily due to scarcity.
Do not translate 'water shortage' word-for-word as 水の不足. While understandable, it is not idiomatic. Use 水不足 instead.
Drought countermeasures are necessary.
The river water decreased due to the dry spell.
The water supply was cut off due to the earthquake.