Translation guide
In Japanese, the way you express 'wearing a sword' depends on the type of sword, how it is worn, and the context (historical, modern, ceremonial). The most common and natural expressions use specific verbs for carrying or equipping a sword at the waist.
To describe someone wearing a sword, typically a katana or similar, tucked into the belt or sash, as in samurai contexts.
The samurai was wearing a sword at his waist.
A more formal or literary way to say 'wear a sword'. 帯びる means to wear or carry at the waist, often used in historical or official contexts.
Warriors always wore swords.
An archaic or highly literary verb specifically for wearing a sword at the waist. Rarely used in modern Japanese outside of historical texts or poetic language.
He wore a long sword.
To describe wearing a sword in a non-standard way, such as on the back, or for larger swords.
Used when a sword is carried on the back. 背負う means to carry on one's back. This is common for larger swords like nodachi or in fantasy settings.
He was carrying a large sword on his back.
Means to carry a sword over the shoulder, often in a casual or rough manner. 担ぐ implies hoisting something onto one's shoulder.
To focus on the act of putting on a sword as part of arming oneself, rather than the state of wearing it.
A general phrase meaning 'to wear' or 'to equip' a sword on one's body. It can refer to any method of carrying, but is less specific than 差す.
He equipped a sword for battle.
Means to carry a sword in one's hand or at one's side, often implying readiness. It can also mean to be armed with a sword.
To describe wearing a sword as an accessory, in cosplay, or in martial arts practice (e.g., iaido).
A modern, technical term meaning 'to equip' or 'to attach' a sword, often used for costumes, props, or in instructional settings.
I wore a sword as part of my cosplay.
Specifically for wearing a practice sword (模擬刀) in martial arts like iaido. Uses the same verb 差す as for real swords.
差す (さす) is the everyday, standard verb for wearing a sword at the waist. 帯びる (おびる) is more formal and literary, often seen in historical descriptions. 佩く (はく) is archaic and rarely used outside of classical texts. For most purposes, 差す is the best choice.
The sight of a samurai wearing a sword is beautiful.
Do not use 着る (to wear clothes) or 履く (to wear on lower body) for swords. These verbs are for clothing and footwear, not weapons. Using them would sound unnatural and confusing.
(incorrect) to wear a sword like clothes
The young man was walking with a sword over his shoulder.
The guards were carrying swords.
In iaido, we wear a practice sword.