Translation guide
A phrase used to add a further point, often one that is more important or surprising, in spoken or written English. In Japanese, this is expressed through conjunctions and sentence patterns that add information, with the choice depending on formality and whether the added point is simply additional or emphatically stronger.
To introduce a further point that reinforces or exceeds the previous one, often implying 'and even more importantly'.
A common and versatile conjunction meaning 'on top of that' or 'in addition', used to add a point that is often more significant. Suitable for both spoken and written Japanese.
To add an additional piece of information without necessarily implying it is more important or surprising.
A neutral, everyday conjunction meaning 'and also' or 'in addition'. It simply adds information without strong emphasis. Suitable for casual conversation.
その上 implies the added point is more significant or surprising, while それに simply adds information without emphasis. Use その上 when you want to say 'and even more importantly', and それに for neutral 'and also'.
彼は金持ちだ。その上、性格もいい。
He is rich. What's more, he has a good personality. (emphasizing the surprising combination)
彼は金持ちだ。それに、兄弟も金持ちだ。
He is rich. What's more, his brother is also rich. (simply adding a related fact)
Do not translate 'what's more' literally as 何がもっと (nani ga motto) or similar. It is not a question in Japanese. Use the conjunctions listed above.
彼は親切だ。その上、頭もいい。
He is kind. What's more, he is smart.
このレストランは美味しい。その上、値段も安い。
This restaurant is delicious. What's more, it's cheap.
A casual, spoken expression meaning 'to make matters worse' or 'on top of that', often used when adding a negative or surprising point. It carries a nuance of 'as if that wasn't enough'.
雨が降ってきた。おまけに風も強い。
It started raining. What's more, the wind is strong.
A conjunction meaning 'moreover' or 'and what's more', used to add information that is surprising or emphatic. Common in both speech and writing.
彼は日本語が話せる。しかも、敬語も完璧だ。
He can speak Japanese. What's more, his keigo is perfect.
A formal conjunction meaning 'furthermore' or 'in addition', often used in written or formal spoken contexts to add a point that builds on the previous one.
この製品は環境に優しい。さらに、コストも低い。
This product is environmentally friendly. What's more, it is low-cost.
今日は忙しい。それに、ちょっと疲れている。
I'm busy today. What's more, I'm a bit tired.
A simple conjunction meaning 'also' or 'moreover', used in both spoken and written Japanese. It is less emphatic than その上.
この本は面白い。また、勉強にもなる。
This book is interesting. What's more, it's educational.
Do not translate 'what's more' literally as 何がもっと (nani ga motto) or similar. It is not a question in Japanese. Use the conjunctions listed above.