朔
conjunction (astronomy), first day of month, north
Readings
On'yomi
- サク
Kun'yomi
- ついたち
Nanori
- たち
Meaning
朔 centers on the start of a lunar cycle: the astronomical conjunction when the moon is invisible, marking the first day of the month. The north sense is a less common application, possibly from directional associations in ancient calendars.
Most common words using 朔
- 朔さく
new moon
- 八朔はっさく
Hassaku orange (Citrus hassaku)
- 朔日さくじつ
first day of the month (in the lunar calendar)
- 初朔日はつついたち
first day of the second month
- 晦朔かいさく
last and first days of the month
- 朔望さくぼう
first and fifteenth days of the lunar month (corresponding to new moon and full moon)
- 朔望月さくぼうげつ
synodic month
- 朔望潮さくぼうちょう
spring tide
- 朔風さくふう
north wind
- 正朔せいさく
beginning of the month or the year; New Year's Day; the calendar
- 綿抜の朔日わたぬきのついたち
1st day of the 4th month of the lunisolar calendar
- 視告朔こうさく
ceremony where the Emperor would inspect the records of attendance and absence of officials
Study
Etymology
朔 combines 屰 (which historically relates to going against or returning) with 月 (moon), suggesting the moon's return to the starting point of its cycle. The exact development of 屰 is uncertain, but the compound points to the new moon conjunction.
Meaning mnemonic
The left side 屰 looks like a person turning back, and the right side 月 is the moon. Picture the moon turning back to its invisible starting point at the first day of the month.
Reading mnemonic
For サク, imagine the moon's cycle starting with a sudden 'sack' of darkness: sack -> サク, and the new moon is hidden in that sack.