without authority; without permission
Used when someone acts without proper authorization or right, often in formal or legal contexts.
You must not disclose personal information without authorization.
without reason; unnecessarily
Indicates doing something without a good reason or needlessly; often used in prohibitions or warnings.
Please do not touch the animals without reason.
recklessly; indiscriminately; arbitrarily
Describes careless, random, or thoughtless actions; can imply a lack of restraint or consideration.
He has a habit of spending money recklessly.
You must not cut down trees indiscriminately.
Applies to each form listed below
Rare kanji form; the character 妄 suggests 'reckless' or 'deluded'.
Rare kanji form; 濫 carries a sense of 'excessive' or 'overflowing'.
Rare kanji form; 猥 implies 'indecent' or 'disorderly'.
Rare kanji form; 漫 suggests 'aimless' or 'random'.
Rare kanji form; 乱 means 'disorder' or 'confusion'.
Derived from the classical adjective みだり (乱り/妄り), meaning 'disorderly' or 'reckless', combined with the adverbial particle に. The kanji forms reflect different nuances of disorder or excess, but the word is now almost exclusively written in kana.