Historical term referring to the geopolitical tension between the Eastern Bloc and the Western Bloc after World War II.
The Cold War between East and West lasted about 40 years.
The end of the East-West Cold War is often said to be 1989.
冷戦 is the general term for 'Cold War', while 東西冷戦 specifically emphasizes the East-West divide.
Compound of 東西 (East and West) and 冷戦 (Cold War).