Kotomora
JLPT N1ConstructionWritten
Furigana

(よ)うと(も)(よ)うがEven if; no matter what

Use the volitional form followed by , とも, or to concede an imagined event while firmly asserting that it will not change the result: “even if” or “no matter what.”

What remains unchanged

The first clause presents a possibility, often an extreme one. The following clause then gives a firm decision, refusal, impossibility, evaluation, or other conclusion that still holds. Expressions meaning “even if,” “no matter what,” or “however much” often strengthen the sense of extremity.

Firm results despite an imagined event

たとえぜんいんはんたいされようともわたしはこのていあんてっかいしない。

Even if everyone opposes me, I will not withdraw this proposal.

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なにころうとわたしたちはきゅうえんかつどうちゅうしない。

No matter what happens, we will not stop the relief operation.

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どれほどじょうきょうあっしようがじつもとづいてはんだんすべきだ。

No matter how much the situation worsens, decisions should be based on the facts.

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Compared with the everyday concessive

ようとも presents the unchanged result with deliberate force. ても expresses the same basic concession more neutrally and is the ordinary choice in everyday speech.

あめろうともしきてんていどおりじっします。

Even if it rains, the ceremony will be held as scheduled.

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A firm, formal announcement.

あめってもしきていどおりやります。

Even if it rains, we'll hold the ceremony as scheduled.

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The neutral, conversational version.

More examples

たとえきんうしなおうともけんきゅうせいまでうしなわれるわけではない。

Even if the funding is lost, that does not mean the research results will be lost too.

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だれなんおうがわたししょうげんえない。

No matter what anyone says, I will not change my testimony.

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どれほどかんかかろうとげんいんめる。

No matter how long it takes, I will determine the cause.

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そうがいもんだいしょうじようともほんほうしんるがない。

Even if an unforeseen problem arises, the basic policy will remain firm.

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ほうりつかいせいされようが、このげんそくじゅうようせいわらない。

Even if the law is revised, the importance of this principle will not change.

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どんなぼうがいけようともせんきょていどおりじっされる。

No matter what interference occurs, the election will be held as scheduled.

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