Translation guide
The English word 'always' can express constant state, repeated habit, or 'every time'. Japanese uses different expressions depending on the nuance: いつも for habitual frequency, 常に for continuous state, and other patterns for 'whenever' or 'without exception'.
I always eat breakfast.
He is always late.
To say that something happens regularly or as a habit, not necessarily continuously.
The most common and natural way to say 'always' for habitual actions. It can also mean 'usually' or 'every time'.
He is always late.
Means 'without fail' or 'always' with a sense of certainty. Stronger than いつも, often used for rules or promises.
To express that something is true or happening all the time, without interruption.
Means 'constantly' or 'at all times'. More formal and literary than いつも, but common in written Japanese.
To express that something happens on every occasion of a specific event.
Attach to a verb or noun meaning 'every time ~'. Very common for 'whenever'.
To express that something will continue eternally or never change.
Means 'all the time' or 'forever' in a continuous sense. Very common in casual speech.
To say that something is the same as usual.
In many cases, Japanese omits 'always' when the habitual nature is clear from context. Overusing いつも can sound unnatural. For example, 'I go to school by bus' in Japanese is often just バスで学校に行く, without いつも, if it's a general statement.
いつも is for habits and repeated actions (I always eat breakfast). 常に is for continuous states or principles (The sun always rises). Using 常に for daily habits can sound overly formal or stiff.
I always drink coffee in the morning.
彼は必ず約束を守る。
He always keeps his promises.
He is always calm.
Means 'at any time' or 'always available'. Used for things that are ready or possible whenever needed.
If you have questions, please ask anytime (always feel free to ask).
Every time I see her, I get happy.
Used with a verb in dictionary form to mean 'whenever ~, always ...'.
Whenever it rains, this road always gets crowded.
I will always love you.
Literally 'eternally'. More dramatic and less common in daily conversation.
This memory will always remain in my heart.
Means 'as ever' or 'as usual'. Often used to describe someone's unchanging behavior or state.
He is busy as always.