Translation guide
The act of putting parts together to form a whole, or gathering people/things in one place.
To express the action of joining components to build something, like furniture, machines, or models.
The most common verb for assembling physical objects from parts. Transitive.
机を組み立てる。
I assemble a desk.
Noun form meaning 'assembly' or 'construction'. Often used in compound nouns.
この家具は組み立てが簡単です。
This furniture is easy to assemble.
To assemble parts onto something, often used in manufacturing or mechanical contexts. Transitive.
エンジンに部品を組み付ける。
Assemble parts onto the engine.
To express bringing people together in one place, often for a meeting or event.
Transitive verb meaning 'to gather' or 'to collect' people or things. The most natural choice for assembling a group.
会議のために社員を集める。
Assemble the employees for a meeting.
To cause people to assemble, more formal. Often used in instructions or official contexts.
生徒を体育館に集合させてください。
Please assemble the students in the gymnasium.
To convene or summon people for a formal meeting, like a committee or parliament.
委員会を招集する。
Convene a committee.
To express collecting or bringing together information, data, evidence, etc.
To express people or things gathering by themselves, without a direct agent.
Intransitive verb meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble'. Used when the subject comes together on its own.
人々が広場に集まった。
People assembled in the square.
More formal intransitive verb for assembling, often used for scheduled gatherings or groups.
参加者は午前9時に集合してください。
Participants, please assemble at 9 a.m.
集める is transitive (to gather something/someone), while 集まる is intransitive (to gather by itself). Use 集める when you are assembling things, and 集まる when they assemble on their own.
The loanword アセンブルする exists but is mainly used in computing (e.g., assembly language) or very technical manufacturing. For everyday assembling of furniture or gathering people, use native Japanese verbs like 組み立てる or 集める.