Translation guide
The English phrase "be established" can refer to the founding of an organization, the setting of a rule or precedent, or the proving of a fact. This guide covers natural Japanese expressions for each meaning.
To say that a company, school, law, or system was created or came into existence.
Used for the establishment of organizations, companies, schools, etc. Emphasizes the act of founding.
This company was established in 1920.
Similar to 設立, but often used for schools, universities, or organizations with a focus on founding ideals.
This university was established in 1880.
A casual, everyday way to say something was created or came into being. Often used for systems, rules, or informal groups.
A new rule was established.
Used when an organization or project is launched or inaugurated. Often implies the start of activities.
A new government was established.
To say that a rule, custom, or reputation has been put in place and is now accepted.
Used for abstract things like rules, systems, reputations, or theories that are firmly established.
That theory is already established.
Means to take root or become established as a custom or practice. Often used for new words, habits, or cultural elements.
That custom became established in Japan.
A common verb meaning 'to be decided' or 'to be set'. Used for rules, dates, or plans.
To say that something has been shown to be true or valid.
The English passive 'be established' often corresponds to intransitive verbs or passive forms in Japanese. Using a direct translation like '設立されている' may sound unnatural if the context calls for a simple past event. Pay attention to whether the focus is on the action or the resulting state.
The rules have been established.