できる
できる · ichidan verb
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | できる | できない |
| Polite | できます | できません |
| Past polite | できました | できませんでした |
| Past | できた | できなかった |
| Te-form | できて | できないで |
| Desire | できたい | できたくない |
| Potential | できられるalso できれる | できられないalso できれない |
| Passive | できられる | できられない |
| Causative | できさせる | できさせない |
| Causative passive | できさせられる | できさせられない |
| Volitional | できよう | |
| Polite volitional | できましょう | |
| Imperative | できろ | できるな |
| Conditional | できれば | できなければ |
| Tara conditional | できたら | できなかったら |
Meanings
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
can; be able to; be possible
Expresses ability, possibility, or permission. Often follows the -te form of a verb or a noun + が.
He can speak English.
Is it possible to take photos here?
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
be good at; do well; be proficient
Describes a person's skill or capability in a particular area. Often used with ～ができる.
She is good at cooking.
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
come into existence; form; appear; be born; get (a friend, free time, etc.)
Indicates that something new comes into being, appears, or is obtained. Covers a wide range from concrete objects to abstract opportunities.
I made a new friend.
Something suddenly came up and I couldn't go.
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
be made; be built; be completed; be ready
Describes the completion or creation of something, often with a focus on the result. Sense 5 (finished/ready) is closely related and merged here.
This bridge was built last year.
Dinner is ready.
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
Used for agricultural products or natural yields. Often implies successful cultivation.
The rice grew well this year.
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
be mature; be well-balanced; be of fine character
Describes a person's character or personality as well-rounded, reliable, or admirable. Often used as できた人.
He is a truly fine person.
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
be by nature; be born ...
Used in the pattern できている to describe innate qualities or natural constitution. Often followed by an adjective or noun.
He is naturally sturdy.
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
become involved (sexually); become intimate; take up with
Colloquial euphemism for entering a sexual relationship. Usually used as できている.
It seems those two are involved with each other.
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
get pregnant
Colloquial and somewhat blunt way to say 'get pregnant'. Often used in casual conversation.
I heard she got pregnant.
Usage patterns· 8
- 〈人〉は〈物〉が出来るsomeone can do/handle something
He can speak Japanese.
- 〈人〉は〈事〉が出来るsomeone is good at/skilled in something
She's good at cooking.
- 〈人〉に〈物〉が出来るsomeone comes to have/gets something (opportunity, friend, etc.)
He got a new job.
- 〈物〉が出来るsomething is built/completed
A new building was built in front of the station.
- 〈物〉がよく出来る(crops) grow well; yield well
The apples grew well this year.
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- 出来た〈人〉a fine, admirable, or mature person
He's a fine, admirable person.
- 〈人〉と出来ているbe secretly involved (romantically/sexually) with someone
He's having an affair with his secretary.
- 〈人〉に子供が出来るsomeone is expecting/having a child
The couple is expecting a child.