Translation guide
The English phrase 'be filled' describes a state of being full of something, whether physical, emotional, or abstract. In Japanese, this concept is expressed through various verbs and constructions depending on what is being filled and the nuance of the action or state.
To describe a container, room, or space that is full of something.
A versatile word meaning 'full'. Can be used as a noun or adverb. Often used with だ/です or になる.
コップが水でいっぱいです。
The glass is filled with water.
部屋は人でいっぱいだった。
The room was filled with people.
A verb meaning 'to be full', 'to be filled'. Often used in literary or formal contexts, or for natural phenomena like tides.
月が満ちる。
The moon waxes (becomes full).
会場は熱気に満ちていた。
The venue was filled with excitement.
Means 'to be filled with' gas, smell, or atmosphere. Often used for something spreading throughout a space.
部屋にガスが充満している。
The room is filled with gas.
To express being filled with an emotion, feeling, or abstract quality.
Used for being filled with emotions, hope, confidence, etc. Often in the form 〜に満ちている.
彼女の心は喜びに満ちていた。
Her heart was filled with joy.
彼は自信に満ちている。
He is filled with confidence.
Means 'to overflow', implying an abundance of emotion. Often used for positive feelings.
Passive form of 満たす (to fill). Means 'to be satisfied' or 'to be fulfilled', often emotionally or spiritually.
心が満たされる。
My heart is filled (I feel fulfilled).
To express that a position, condition, or requirement is met or satisfied.
Transitive verb meaning 'to satisfy' or 'to meet' (conditions, requirements). The passive 満たされる means 'to be met/filled'.
条件を満たす。
To meet the conditions.
必要条件が満たされている。
The necessary conditions are filled (met).
Formal term meaning 'to satisfy' or 'to fulfill' requirements or needs. Often used in business or legal contexts.
需要を充足する。
To meet the demand.
To describe being full of negative things like doubts, mistakes, or problems.
A suffix meaning 'full of' or 'covered with', usually for negative or undesirable things. Attaches to nouns.
この作文は間違いだらけだ。
This essay is filled with mistakes.
彼の部屋はゴミだらけだった。
His room was filled with garbage.
Similar to だらけ, but implies being covered or smeared with something dirty or messy. Often for physical substances.
彼は血まみれだった。
He was covered in blood (filled with blood).
いっぱい is the most common and casual way to say 'full'. 満ちる is more literary and often used for abstract or natural fullness. 満たされる implies a sense of satisfaction or fulfillment, often emotional.
English 'be filled' is often passive, but Japanese often uses intransitive verbs (満ちる, 溢れる) or adjectives (いっぱい) instead of a direct passive construction. Using 満たされる is correct but can sound formal or specific to satisfaction.
喜びが溢れる。
Joy overflows (I am filled with joy).
彼の目には涙が溢れていた。
His eyes were filled with tears.