Translation guide
How to express that something has been used up, exhausted, or depleted in Japanese. Covers both physical items and abstract resources.
To say that something like money, time, or supplies has run out or been exhausted.
To describe a batsman being dismissed by a fielder breaking the wicket with the ball while the batsman is out of their ground.
Standard phrase for 'to run out a runner' in baseball or cricket contexts. The passive form is used for 'be run out'.
彼は走者をアウトにされた。
He was run out.
尽きる emphasizes the process of something being used up until it's gone, often with a sense of finality. 無くなる simply states that something is no longer there. For everyday items, 無くなる is more common.
Do not translate 'be run out' literally as 走り出される or similar. Use the appropriate verb for the context.
The money ran out.
時間が尽きる前に終わらせよう。
Let's finish before time runs out.
Intransitive verb meaning 'to disappear' or 'to be gone'. Very common for everyday items running out.
ガソリンが無くなった。
We ran out of gas.
コーヒーが無くなったから買ってきて。
We're out of coffee, so please go buy some.
Intransitive verb meaning 'to run out' or 'to expire'. Often used for things that come in a supply that can be cut off, like batteries, tickets, or a limited stock.
電池が切れた。
The battery ran out.
在庫が切れています。
We are out of stock.
Literally 'to hit the bottom'. Used when a supply is completely exhausted, often in financial contexts.
資金が底をついた。
The funds have run out.
Loanword from English 'run out', used in cricket contexts.
彼はランアウトになった。
He was run out.