Translation guide
In Japanese culture, bowing (ojigi) is a fundamental non-verbal greeting and gesture of respect. The depth and duration of the bow convey different levels of formality and meaning. This guide covers how to express the act of bowing in Japanese, from casual nods to formal bows.
To refer to the act of bowing in everyday situations, such as greetings, expressing gratitude, or apologizing.
The most common and general term for a bow. It can be used for bows of greeting, thanks, or apology. Often used with the verb する (to do).
Japanese people bow when greeting.
He bowed deeply.
A slight bow, often just a nod of the head. Used in casual or passing greetings, or to acknowledge someone. Less formal than お辞儀.
We exchanged slight bows in the hallway.
A very deep, formal bow, often used in ceremonies or to show the utmost respect. The bow is typically 45 degrees or more.
They performed a deep ceremonial bow at the ceremony.
To talk about the custom or etiquette of bowing in Japan.
To express the action of bowing.
In modern Japan, bowing is still the standard greeting, but handshakes are also common, especially in business with foreigners. When unsure, follow the other person's lead. A slight bow combined with a handshake is a safe compromise.
Some people bow and shake hands at the same time.
Excessively deep or long bows can seem comical or insincere. Match the depth and duration to the situation and the other person's status. A 15-degree bow is typical for casual greetings, 30 degrees for formal greetings, and 45 degrees for very formal apologies or respect.
Japan's bowing culture is fascinating to foreigners.
Literally 'to lower one's head'. A common, slightly more casual way to say 'to bow'. It can also be used figuratively to mean 'to yield' or 'to apologize'.
He apologized and bowed his head.