Translation guide
The person in a household who earns the primary income to support the family.
He is the breadwinner.
Describing the person who financially supports a household, typically the main income earner.
大黒柱 implies the central, indispensable pillar of the family, often with a traditional or emotional weight. 稼ぎ手 is a more neutral, functional term for 'earner.' Use 大黒柱 when emphasizing the role's importance, and 稼ぎ手 when simply stating who earns the money.
Traditionally 大黒柱 referred to the male head of household, but modern usage is gender-neutral. It is perfectly acceptable to use for a female breadwinner.
Literally 'central pillar,' this is the most common and natural way to refer to the main breadwinner or financial pillar of a family. It carries a nuance of being the indispensable support.
My father is the breadwinner of the family.
She works as the breadwinner for the family.
A more literal phrase meaning 'the person who supports the household finances.' It is clear and neutral, suitable for both spoken and written contexts.
He feels responsible as the breadwinner.
Means 'earner' or 'breadwinner.' Often used in contexts like 'the main earner' (主な稼ぎ手). Slightly more casual than 大黒柱.
He is the main breadwinner of the family.
Literally 'the person who supports/feeds the family.' This emphasizes the nurturing aspect of providing. It is less common for everyday use but appears in formal or emotional contexts.
She worked hard as the breadwinner supporting her family.